Cataract is an eye disease that causes darkening or clouding of the lens, resulting in loss of vision. The lens is a natural structure located behind the iris of the eye that focuses light onto the retina.

The treatment of cataracts can involve various methods depending on the severity of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient.

The basic method of cataract treatment is the surgical removal of the clouded lens and its replacement with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). This procedure is called cataract extraction and can be performed in different ways, e.g. as phacoemulsification with IOL implantation through a micro-incision or as lens extraction with subsequent IOL implantation.

Glaucoma – is an eye disease in which the pressure inside the eye increases, resulting in damage to the optic nerve and loss of vision. This usually occurs due to a disturbed drainage of the eye fluid.

The treatment of glaucoma aims to control the intraocular pressure and prevent or slow down the damage to the optic nerve.

Possible treatment methods include laser therapy and surgical procedures. Laser treatment can aim to improve drainage in the eye. Surgical treatment may include surgery to create additional drainage to reduce the pressure. Treatment will depend on the severity of the condition and the individual characteristics of the patient.

Refractive lens surgery is a surgical vision correction procedure in which the shape of the cornea is altered or intraocular lenses are implanted to correct vision problems. This procedure is usually used to correct myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and high myopia.

Excimer laser surgery is a surgical procedure in which an excimer laser is used to correct vision by microscopically ablating the corneal layers.

This procedure is usually performed to correct short-sightedness, long-sightedness and astigmatism and is suitable for anyone who wants to free themselves from dependence on glasses or contact lenses.

Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure in which the surgeon removes the vitreous gel (vitreous humour) in the eye. The vitreous is a transparent, gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye.

Vitrectomy can be performed for various medical reasons, e.g. if the vitreous body loses its transparency due to a haemorrhage, retinal tear, diabetic retinopathy or other conditions. It can also be used to eliminate the stretching of the vitreous and the dangers that can cause retinal detachment or other complications.

The procedure can be performed through open surgery, where the surgeon makes small incisions in the white of the eye to reach the vitreous, or through more invasive methods using microsurgical instruments and lasers, such as pars plana vitrectomy.